12/16/2023 0 Comments Inet pro ipa![]() ![]() Sasakawa, C., Komatsu, K., Tobe, T., Suzuki, T. A new vector-host system for construction of lacZ transcriptional fusions where only low-level gene expression is desirable. Available carbon source influences the resistance of Neisseria meningitidis against complement. Listeria monocytogenes invades the epithelial junctions at sites of cell extrusion. Cytoplasmic targeting of IpaC to the bacterial pole directs polar type III secretion in Shigella. Jaumouillé, V., Francetic, O., Sansonetti, P. Supramolecular structure of the Shigella type III secretion machinery: the needle part is changeable in length and essential for delivery of effectors. ![]() Non-invasive measurement of microvascular and interstitial oxygen profiles in a human tumor in SCID mice. P., Leunig, M., Yuan, F., Intaglietta, M. Structure of the oxygen adduct intermediate in the bacterial luciferase reaction: 13C nuclear magnetic resonance determination. In vivo oxygen imaging using green fluorescent protein. Assessment of GFP fluorescence in cells of Streptococcus gordonii under conditions of low pH and low oxygen concentration. Dioxygen affinity in heme proteins investigated by computer simulation. O2 as the regulatory signal for FNR-dependent gene regulation in Escherichia coli. Bacterial infection-mediated mucosal signalling induces local renal ischaemia as a defence against sepsis. Isolation and sequencing of the Alcaligenes denitrificans azurin-encoding gene: comparison with the genes encoding blue copper proteins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes faecalis. ![]() Spa33, a cell surface-associated subunit of the Mxi-Spa type III secretory pathway of Shigella flexneri, regulates Ipa protein traffic. Temperature-regulated expression of invasion genes in Shigella flexneri is controlled through the transcriptional activation of the virB gene on the large plasmid. Regulation of E-cadherin expression by VHL and hypoxia-inducible factor. The tumour suppressor protein VHL targets hypoxia-inducible factors for oxygen-dependent proteolysis. The role of Fe–S proteins in sensing and regulation in bacteria. Alterations in the pathogenicity of Escherichia coli K-12 after transfer of plasmid and chromosomal genes from Shigella flexneri. Optimization of virulence functions through glucosylation of Shigella LPS. Secretion of Ipa proteins by Shigella flexneri: inducer molecules and kinetics of activation. Shigella Spa32 is an essential secretory protein for functional type III secretion machinery and uniformity of its needle length. Spa32 regulates a switch in substrate specificity of the type III secreton of Shigella flexneri from needle components to Ipa proteins. Shigella’ s ways of manipulating the host intestinal innate and adaptive immune system: a tool box for survival? Immunol. This would reverse the anaerobic block of Ipa secretion, allowing T3SS activation at its precise site of action, enhancing invasion and virulence. We demonstrate there is a zone of relative oxygenation adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract mucosa, caused by diffusion from the capillary network at the tips of villi. This is mediated by FNR (fumarate and nitrate reduction), a regulator of anaerobic metabolism that represses transcription of spa32 and spa33, virulence genes that regulate secretion through the T3SS. In anaerobic environments (for example, the gastrointestinal tract lumen), Shigella is primed for invasion and expresses extended T3SS needles while reducing Ipa (invasion plasmid antigen) effector secretion. The T3SS is essential for cell invasion and virulence 1. Here we show that Shigella flexneri, which causes dysentery, encounters varying oxygen concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract, which govern activity of its type three secretion system (T3SS). Bacteria coordinate expression of virulence determinants in response to localized microenvironments in their hosts.
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